U.S. Supreme Court

February 16, 2012

Southern District Allows CleanTech to Amend Complaint to Add Patent to Ethanol Patent Litigation

Indianapolis, IN –Senior Judge Larry J. McKinney of the Southern District of Indiana has allowed an additional patent to be added to a complex patent infringement suit over Ethanol byproducts. The plaintiff in this case, GS CleanTech Corporation of New York, New York had requested to amend its complaint to add infringement claim regarding patent no. 8,008,516, which has been issued by the US Patent Office, to the lawsuit. As orgininally filed, CleanTech had filed a patent infringement lawsuit alleging that twenty-two defendants had infringed patent no. 7,601,858, Method of processing ethanol byproducts and related subsystemsTITLE.

The court describes the ‘516 patent as a continuation of the ‘858 patent and directed to the same technology. The ‘516 patent was issued by the US Patent Office on August 30, 2011. Court found that Cleantech’s motion to amend did not involve undue delay, bad faith or a dilatory motive. The court found that adding the ‘516 patent “serves the goal of furthering the efficient adjudication of the case because the ‘516 and ‘858 patents are directed to similar technology and involve similar claim terms.” Three defendants objected to the amendment of the complaint, however, the court did not find any of the objections sufficient to prevent the amendment of the complaint.

As we blogged in October 2011, Judge McKinney has already held a Markman hearing: Indiana Court issues Markman Ruling in GS Cleantech v. Big River for Ethanol Processing Patents.

Practice Tip: The litigation over the ‘858 patent has been pending for several years and involves many parties. This is a very complex case from a procedural standpoint. While the Markman ruling has already been issued, the court’s order pointed out that the discovery process has not been started.
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February 13, 2012

Southern District Denies Stryker Corporation’s Motion to Add Additional Counterclaims in Patent Infringement Case against Hill-Rom Services

By Overhauser Law Offices, LLC

Indianapolis, IN – Magistrate Judge Denise K. LaRue of the Southern District of Indiana has denied Stryker Corporation’s Motion for Leave to Amend Its Counterclaims, which sought permission to add three more patent infringement counterclaims referencing three additional patents.

In April 2011, patent attorneys for Hill-Rom Services, Inc. of Batesville, Indiana, filed a patent infringement lawsuit in the Southern District of Indiana alleging that Stryker Corporation of Kalamazoo, Michigan had infringed twelve of its patents: Patent No. 6,993,799, HOSPITAL BED; Patent No. 7,644,458, HOSPITAL BED; Patent No. 6,588,523, STRETCHER HAVING A MOTORIZED WHEEL; Patent No. 6,902,019, STRETCHER HAVING A MOTORIZED WHEEL; Patent No. 7,011,172, PATIENT SUPPORT APPARATUS HAVING A MOTORIZED WHEEL; Patent No. 7,284,626, PATENT SUPPORT APPARATUS WITH POWERED WHEEL; Patent No. 7,090,041, MOTORIZED TRACTION DEVICE FOR A PATIENT SUPPORT; Patent No. 7,273,115, CONTROL APPARATUS FOR A PATIENT SUPPORT; Patent No. 7,407,024, MOTORIZED TRACTION DEVICE FOR A PATIENT SUPPORT; Patent No. 7,828,092, MOTORIZED TRACTION DEVICE FOR A PATIENT SUPPORT; Patent No. 6,772,850, POWER ASSISTED WHEELED CARRIAGE; and Patent No. 6,752,224, WHEELED CARRIAGE HAVING A POWERED AUXILIARY WHEEL, AUXILIARY WHEEL OVERTRAVEL, AND AN AUXILIARY WHEEL DRIVE AND CONTROL SYSTEM.

Stryker had counterclaimed with thirteen claims of patent infringement against Hill-Rom. In late October 2011, Stryker filed a motion seeking to add three more infringement claims regarding Patent No. 6,264,006, Brake for castered wheels, Patent No. 7,124,456, Articulated support surface for a stretcher or gurney and Patent No. 7,395,564, Articulated support surface for a stretcher or gurney.

In its decision today, the court noted that the three proposed patent infringement claims would involve significant facts and issues, such as claim-definition, claim-application, infringement and validity; that would be wholly separate and distinct from the present claims. The court stated that “The new technologies and new product hitched to the new claims will needlessly complicate and/or prolong the Court’s and the jury’s tasks.”

Practice Tip: The court’s opinion notes that Stryker stated a plan to file an additional lawsuit that would separately make these new patent infringement claims against Hill-Rom if the court denied its motion to add counterclaims to the present lawsuit. The court noted a new suit was a “ready alternative” for Stryker.
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February 6, 2012

U.S. Supreme Court Issues Copyright Opinion in Golan v. Holder, Protecting Foreign Copyrights in the United States

By Overhauser Law Offices, LLC

Washington, DC – The U.S. Supreme Court has affirmed the constitutionality of the Uruguay Round Agreements regarding copyright protection for foreign parties. In 1994, Congress enacted Uruguay Round Agreements Act, which implemented negotiations in the World Trade Organization’s Marrakech Agreement. The law in question restored foreign copyrighted works that had previously been in the public domain back to the private domain and granted U.S. copyright protection for those works. Copyright attorneys for Golan and a group of musicians who had used foreign works while the works were in the public domain had filed this lawsuit against United States Attorney General Eric Holder, arguing that the Act violated the U.S. Constitution’s Copyright Clause and violated the First Amendment Rights of those who had free access to the works that were restored to private domain.

The Supreme Court rejected these challenges and affirmed the constitutionality of the Act. The Court’s opinion emphasized that the Act brought the United States’ law into harmony with that of other nations. The SCOTUSblog has links to all the parties’ and amicus briefs as well comprehensive coverage of this case.

The Court’s opinion affirmed the Tenth Circuit Court of Appeals decision and the decision of Judge Babcock of the United States District Court of Colorado.

Practice Tip: The U.S. Supreme Court has a long trend of strenuously protecting the rights of intellectual property owners. This case is yet another example.
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October 31, 2011

Preview of U.S. Supreme Court Patent Infringement Case Mayo Collaborative Services v. Prometheus Labs

By Overhauser Law Offices, LLC

Washington, D.C. – The United States Supreme Court will hear an important patent infringement case this term that will determine the scope of patent rights in certain medical methods. Patent lawyers for Prometheus Laboratories, Inc. of San Diego, California filed a patent infringement suit against Mayo Collaborative Services, doing business as Mayo Medical Laboratories of Rochester, Minnesota, alleging that Mayo infringed patent no. 6,355,623, Method of treating IBD/Crohn’s disease and related conditions wherein drug metabolite levels in host blood cells determine subsequent dosage and patent no. 6,680,302, Methods of optimizing drug therapeutic efficacy for treatment of immune-mediated gastrointestinal disorders which have been issued by the US Patent Office.

The patents at issue involve claims over an observed correlation between certain blood tests and patient health, specifically the correlation between the level of certain drug metabolites in the patient’s blood and the patient’s symptoms of gastrointestinal disease. As characterized by Mayo in its brief to the Supreme Court, the inventors did not “invent” these correlations; rather, they simply observed the correlations in a patient population. Based on the patents, Prometheus brought a blood test product called Pro-Predict to the market. The level of metabolite in the patient’s blood can give the treating physician information relevant to adjusting the patient’s dose of certain medications. Mayo improved upon Prometheus’s blood test product and later released its own competing product. Patent attorneys for Prometheus then initiated this lawsuit, alleging that Mayo had infringed its patents. Mayo has attempted to defend the suit by arguing that Prometheus’s patent claims were not patent-eligible under 35 U.S.C. § 101. The Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit has twice ruled in Prometheus’s favor.

The oral argument is scheduled for December 7, 2011 at the United States Supreme Court. The briefs can be found on the American Bar Association’s preview page for the case. A number of amicus curiae briefs have been filed as well. Notably, the American Medical Association filed an amicus brief in support of Mayo.

October 4, 2011

U.S. Supreme Court Declines to Consider Several Intellectual Property Cases

By Overhauser Law Offices, LLC

Washington, DC – On Monday, October 3, 2011, the U.S. Supreme Court opened its session and refused to review several appellate decisions in patent, trademark and copyright cases. These included the following cases:

Lockwood v. Sheppard, Mullin, Richter, & Hampton, LLP., U.S., No. 10-1339.

The Federal Circuit summarily affirmed a district court dismissal of a patent owner’s malicious prosecution suite against the patent attorney that requested the USPTO to reexamine his patents. The patent owner had alleged, among other things, that the law firm filed a sham reexamination request with misrepresentations of the prior art. The district court held that the state law claims were essentially allegations of fraud and bad faith before the USPTO, preempted by federal law under Buckman Co. v. Plaintiffs’ Legal Committee, 531 U.S. 341 (2001). The district court also found the claims over the 2003 reexamination request barred by the two-year statute of limitations.

June 9, 2011

U.S. Supreme Court Affirms Strong Presumption of Patent Validity in Microsoft v. i4i LP

By Overhauser Law Offices, LLC

Washington, D.C. – The United States Supreme Court has issued a decision in Microsoft v. i4i LP, against Microsoft and unanimously reaffirming that patents are presumed to be valid at the standard of clear and convincing.

Microsoft had argued for a lower standard of the presumption of validity. The decision will require Microsoft to pay i4i over $290 million in damages.

Patent attorneys for i4i brought this suit against Microsoft alleging that Microsoft infringed i4i’s patent for a method of editing computer documents. Microsoft used the patented technology in its Microsoft Word program.

June 6, 2011

U.S. Supreme Court Sides with Roche in Patent Ownership Controversy

By Overhauser Law Offices, LLC

Washington, D.C. – The United States Supreme Court has issued its opinion in Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University v. Roche Molecular Systems, a patent ownership case. The Court held that the Bayh-Dole Act,35 U.S.C. §§ 200-212, “does not automatically vest title to federally funded inventions in federal contractors or authorize contractors to unilaterally take title to such inventions.” The decision affirmed the Federal Circuit Court‘s decision below. Justice Roberts delivered the opinion, which Justices Scalia, Thomas, Kennedy, Alito, Sotomayor, and Kagen joined. Justices Breyer and Ginsberg dissented.

In this case, an inventor performed some research while he worked for Stanford University and had signed a patent ownership assignment agreement with Stanford. The inventor later left this employment and performed further research, culminating in an invention, while employed by Roche. He had also signed a patent assignment agreement with Roche. Essentially, controversy was over whether Stanford or Roche had a valid assignment of the patent rights. The Supreme Court’s decision sided with Roche.

An analysis by the SCOTUS blog noted “Of particular interest to Court watchers, the Court paid no heed in either case to the views of the Solicitor General, which usually has a high degree of success in pressing government views on the Court, especially in statutory cases, and has led much of the charge criticizing Federal Circuit doctrines in the past.”

May 31, 2011

U.S. Supreme Court Holds “Willful Blindness” Suffices for Induced Infringement Knowledge Requirement

By Overhauser Law Offices, LLC

Washington, D.C. – While unanimously agreeing that induced patent infringement liability requires knowledge that the induced acts will infringe one or more patents, the United States Supreme Court, in an 8-1 decision in the Global-Tech Appliances, Inc., v. SEB S.A. case, held that the knowledge requirement is met by “willful blindness.”

SEB S.A. is a French company specializing in home-cooking appliances. The inventor of a home-use deep fryer with external surfaces that remain cool during the frying process, SEB holds Patent No. 4,995,312, as issued by the U.S. Patent Office, for a Cooking Appliance with Electric Heating. Global-Tech Appliances, Inc. (now known as Global-Tech Advanced Innovations Inc.) is a British Virgin Islands corporation. Global-Tech subsidiary Pentalpha Enterprises, Ltd. supplied Sunbeam Products, Inc. (a U. S. competitor of SEB) with certain deep fryers having all but the cosmetic features of the patented SEB fryer. Shortly after agreeing to supply Sunbeam, Pentalpha retained an attorney to conduct a right-to-use analysis, but did not inform him that their product was based on the SEB product, and the attorney did not locate the ‘312 patent during prior art searching.

Previously in this case, a jury found that Pentalpha directly infringed the ‘312 patent and willfully induced others to infringe the patent. On an appellate challenge to the induced infringement judgment, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit held that “deliberate indifference” of known risks is a form of actual knowledge and the evidence supported the conclusion that Pentalpha deliberately disregarded a known risk that SEB held a patent covering its deep fryer.
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March 1, 2011

U.S. Supreme Court Hears Arguments in Stanford University Patent Ownership Case

By Overhauser Law Offices, LLC

Washington, D.C. – On February 28, the United States Supreme Court heard oral arguments in Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University v. Roche Molecular Systems, a patent ownership case that has implications for Indiana patent attorney. Under the Bayh-Dole Act,35 U.S.C. §§ 200-212, institutions using federal funding to perform research gain patent rights to inventions created through the federally-funded research. In this case, an inventor performed some research while he worked for Stanford University and had signed a patent ownership assignment agreement with Stanford. The inventor later left this employment and performed further research, culminating in an invention, while employed by Roche. He had also signed a patent assignment agreement with Roche. The question is now whether Stanford or Roche has patent rights to his invention.
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